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Total carbon testing gives a single number for the total volatile organic carbon that a material releases under defined heating. Because it does not separate individual substances, it is used as a fast screening index: a low total carbon value indicates a low-emitting material, while a high value signals that a more detailed VOC investigation is needed.
VDA 277 is the standard method for automotive interior materials. A weighed sample is heated in a sealed headspace vial, and the headspace is injected into a gas chromatograph fitted with a flame ionisation detector; the result is expressed as micrograms of carbon per gram of sample. Typical limits for interior trim materials are in the range of 50 to 100 micrograms per gram, depending on the vehicle manufacturer's specification.
NTEK provides VDA 277 total carbon testing alongside VDA 278 VOC and FOG analysis and VDA 270 odour evaluation, so that a material can be assessed on emission, condensate and odour together.
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